Transportation machinery loader transmission and steering system structure principle

1 Transmission
(1) Transmission
Transmission by the torque converter and the transmission of two parts. One end of the torque converter and diesel engines, transmissions directly connected to the other end of this compact, reliable connection, is currently the most used wheel loaders at home and abroad, the most common type of connection. There are other transmission of

A whole and Diesel split, or directly connected to the converter and diesel engine and gearbox split, between the drive shaft connection. Incline Belt conveyor
The gearbox has a forward, one back two planetary line, plus a direct block (II block), a total of two forward, one back three blocked. Simple structure, less gear, the full realization of the single-lever control. Converter has two turbines, two turbines directly to the gearbox input shaft (gear),

Light-load speed of each gear state. A turbo is only transmitted through clutch gearbox input shaft, when the respective gear torque increase, the speed is reduced to clutch when combined with two turbines to work at the same time, the corresponding block of low speed high torque state, all this is away from the beyond

By the speed of the low clutch automatic. In fact, the transmission has four forward gears, 2 reverse gear, because each block has a high-speed automatic transmission. Therefore, the transmission in this area has shown its advantages, more than ordinary multi-gear transmission control lever operated better performance. Flat belt conveyor

But it also has a very major drawback, double turbine torque converter efficiency than the simple three components of the torque converter is low, the power loss is large. The current fixed-shaft gearbox yet the use of electronic technology, are more common rod manipulation.
(2) drive axle
Drive axle from the front axle, rear axle components. Because loaders require large traction, so are modern wheel loader axle drive axle. Front axle mounted directly on the front frame, rear axle swinging bridge, through the sub-frame is connected to the rear frame. Modern wheel loaders basically using hinges

Fit steering, so in addition to front and rear axle spiral bevel gears in the main drive to the different spin, the other parts are all common. Third generation appeared in the center rear axle swing, no longer used subframe and rear frame with swing frame and connected to the emergence of the rear axle housing and the main drive bay and front axle nowhere

With the remaining pieces still with the front axle completely generic.
China's current drive axle wheel loaders are basically using the whole axle, full floating axle, with the main drive and two wheel drive axle gear. The main drive is generally used a spiral bevel gear, wheel generally used planetary wheel reduction.
(2) Steering System
At present, China has been widely used wheel loader fully hydraulic steering system. ZL50 Wheel Loader because greater weight, for the manipulation of light, are generally full hydraulic flow amplification steering system.
Does not appear to fully hydraulic ago, China's first generation ZL50 wheel loader all using recirculating ball screw nut steering valve directly driven mechanical steering system, and a follower rod with mechanical feedback. The system with hydraulic steering systems, steering force and hydraulic pressure loss are more

Large, and relatively poor reliability. So now has largely been replaced by full hydraulic steering.
Steering with a large displacement normal full hydraulic steering system, more than recirculating ball screw nut better performance, but steering bulky, still not as good as with flow amplifying valve system is superior, therefore, has gradually been eliminated. There is a new coaxial flow amplified steering system. With a small row

Volume hydraulic steering gear, specially modified design, can play the role of the amplifier. This system not only plays fully hydraulic flow amplification system function, but also reduce a flow amplifying valve, superior performance, simple structure and low cost. Currently coaxial flow amplifier because there are still some

Issues to be resolved, therefore not widely used. However, the direction of development, the coming of this coaxial flow amplification steering system (available with or without priority system) may be replaced by other fully hydraulic steering system.